After the formation of diabetic foot ulcers often long treatment, foot gangrene has often had to cut plastic, resulting in permanent disability of patients,
it is extremely important to the prevention of diabetic foot. Weed control of blood every day to insist on weight, taboos tobacco, alcohol, pay attention to
foot health, is a fundamental measure for prevention of diabetic foot. The specific measures are as follows:
(1) wear loose, wide, soft, breathable cloth shoes or shoes, or high-heeled shoes to avoid wearing cool light. To keep shoes dry, shifts in the same time a
few pairs of shoes to wear. Wearing new shoes, especially the new shoes, began to be a short time try to make legs slowly adapt to the new shoes, and feet
should always double-check whether the skin red, swollen, bruised, even for minor injuries, but also the immediate replacement of shoes, while the wound be
treated accordingly. To select a fit of cotton socks or wool socks, to Qinhuan Xi Wazi, do not wear socks with elastic mouth, so as not to affect the blood
circulation of the foot.
(2) feet per day must carefully check whether there are minor injuries such as abrasions, laceration, water sore and so on, should pay special attention to
check the toe joints and the soles of the feet. A small laceration would give rise to infection, prolonged unhealed, minor injuries may also be the beginning
of a serious gangrene. Insensitive because of diabetic foot or lose, it is sometimes subject to damage that may not know, so it is necessary to stress that
to check every day again.
(3) Daily feet with warm water and neutral soap, water temperature should not exceed 40 ℃. Feet soak 5 to 10 minutes later, that is, wipe with a soft dry
towel to, toe crevices do not residual moisture.
(4) dry feet a little vegetable oil evenly after the application may be available in the feet, then gently massage a few times, remove the scales and
significant keratinization layer. If the Khan foot can be a little talcum powder on the withdrawal.
(5) pairs of socks to wear in winter can be given the use of care Socks or night, shall not use electric blanket and hot-water bottle, nor sunlight exposure.
(6) Do not use tincture of iodine and other potent disinfectant, non-detrimental to the skin of the tape posted. Trimming nails, calluses or corns and
prevent damage when.
(7) actively prevent and treat infections. There are athlete's foot must be completely cured. In addition, we must pay attention to prevent infection in a
ditch.
(8) the absolute prohibition of smoking, because smoking can cause vascular spasm and aggravate ischemia, and should avoid passive smoking, that is, family
members should also quit smoking.
The principle of treatment of diabetic foot are as follows:
① active control of diabetes. By regular diet control, oral drugs or insulin lowering bad treatment, allows blood glucose control in normal or near normal.
Foot gangrene should use insulin.
② active debridement of local trauma treatment. Day after local debridement may be deposited with antibiotics, insulin and improve the pride cycle of drugs.
③ The dipyridamole, enteric-coated aspirin, to lower blood viscosity, prevention of thrombosis.
④ applied to improve the emblem of the cycle of drugs, such as henbane alkali drugs, Salvia, prostaglandin E and low molecular weight dextran and so on.
⑤ antibiotic treatment, infection control.
⑥ hyperbaric oxygen therapy can help to improve the oxygen situation, the effect very well.
⑦ are deficient in zinc. Gangrene due to diabetes patients had a zinc deficiency, so that human cells can not play their normal function, delayed wound
healing. Zinc supplementation can improve the immune function of t to enhance tissue repair. Can be used for each 22 mg of zinc sulfate per day 2 ~ 3 day
service.
⑧ added a variety of neurotrophic agents.
⑨ the above method is invalid when feasible amputation (toe), or arterial reconstruction.
