University organized by the Shanghai New biogenic Medical Research Ltd., and Shandong Green Leaf Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in association with China -
Scottish Diabetes Research Cooperation Forum held in Shanghai. From China and Scotland, diabetes experts in this forum to discuss embryonic stem cells in
diabetes treatment in the application of genome science and the support of the application of the International Diabetes is currently the most cutting-edge
research topics.
World Health Organization statistics show the world there are more than 240 million patients with diabetes mellitus. By 2025, diabetes prevalence worldwide
number will more than 380 million. As a non-communicable diseases, diabetes mellitus on human health and socio-economic threats to the largest epidemic of
AIDS has quite. By the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) released another data point out that China currently has 50 million people suffer from
diabetes, and an annual growth rate of 10%. Click here to speed, is expected during the period from 2025 to 2050, China's diabetes prevalence rate of more
than 10%, reaching the same level as developed countries.
Protein transduction domain (PTD) is a class of transmembrane activity, rich in basic amino acid residues of the peptide. PTDs as a carrier capable of
carrying exogenous macromolecules into cells and live animals organizations. Therefore, regardless of research areas in basic molecular biology, or in the
development of new, high efficiency, specificity and treatment of drug and vaccine research, PTDs have a compelling application.
, Vice president of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Dr. Lu Daru to carry out the related basic research, has aroused the concern of the participants. He
reported that in the development of pancreatic islet cell differentiation and proliferation of mature play an important role in the process of transcription
factor Pdx1, Ngn3, NeuroD, Pax4, and MafA study, he found that these transcription factors have access to a variety of cell lines. He then transduction
domain of these proteins was analyzed, and the basis of known structural information of protein transduction, Construction, Expression, Purification of a
series of transcription factor mutant with EGFP fusion protein. Into the cell results revealed a specific protein transduction domain (PTD), which contain
PTD-EGFP fusion protein efficiently access, including a variety of rat pancreatic islet cells, including cells. In the study of the mechanism into the cell,
he found that the adhesion at the cell surface PTD first and then drink through the role of giant cell into the cell. EMSA and luciferase reporter gene
experiments showed that transmembrane transcription factors after the pancreas can still exercise the function of transcription factors, namely, binding to
its specific binding sequences, competitive inhibit or activate the role of related genes, such as Pax4 can inhibit Pax6 in transcriptional activation,
exogenous purified Pax4 protein accession Min6 cells, it can protect cells from TNF-a induced apoptosis. Transduction into rat islet cells in Pax4 protein
through the promotion of bcl-xL and c-myc gene expression, increase cell survival rate, extend the time of islet cells in vitro. MafA protein transfected
into rat intestinal epithelial cell line IEC6 cells can contribute to its Insulin 2 gene transcription. The use of immunofluorescence technique to detect
MafA They also experimental group cells expressed insulin. Blood glucose in diabetic mice in the tail vein injection of MafA protein 24 hours reduced to
normal levels. RT-PCR, Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that, MafA could be induced increase in intestinal tissue insulin gene
transcription. Immunohistochemistry results showed that injection of MafA protein fluorescence after the small intestine villus epithelial cells between the
presence of insulin-positive cells.
His research was first introduced NeuroD, MafA and Pax family of proteins with protein transduction function, and reveals its transmembrane PTD transduction
mechanism for the future treatment of islet cell transplantation and diabetes proteins provides a new treatment ideas.
Scotland, with its world-class research base and the top research team in the world leader in medical research plays a role in innovation, its cell
transplantation research and genomics research is currently the world's most cutting-edge diabetes research.
"Islet transplantation was considered a potential cure for diabetes, approach. However, the donated tissue available and the limitations of the clinical
application of this treatment - only 0.5 percent of people with diabetes can benefit from islet transplants." Aberdeen University of Medical Sciences,
Professor Kevin Docherty said. He led the research team, the main research study of islet biology and focus on transcription factors for pancreatic islet
gene expression and development control. In recent years, his dedication to the study of embryonic stem cells and embryonic stem cells for treating diabetes
and its use as a model system to study the human endocrine pancreas development. He pointed out that with the skin and other body cells is different from
that found in pancreatic islet cells on the base, not in cell culture dishes in culture (hyperplasia proliferation). On the other hand, stem cells can in a
relatively short time, the rapid spread and to maintain the secretion of insulin can be transformed into cells. Stem cells were divided into two major
categories: one category is embryonic stem cells, which can increase the body of all tissue. The other is adult stem cells, which in many of the small number
of cells and tissues that can replace those who wear and tear and loss of cells. "We know that a lot of information on the embryonic stem cells, but also to
understand how they can enter the body and form insulin-secreting cells. But we tend to judge the pancreas little is known about adult stem cells." Said
Professor Kevin Docherty, according to projections , for embryonic stem cell research can also be applied to a rare type of adult cell purification,
proliferation and differentiation of the study to go. One promising approach is the use of Ips technology, adult cells to differentiate into islet cells,
Hes.
Scottish Diabetes Group Chairman, Professor of Diabetic Medicine, University of Dundee Professor Mo Lisi Andrew introduced in Scotland in the prevention and
management of diabetes has accumulated considerable experience, through the promotion of universities, medical schools and a variety of life science research
institutions, the Scottish Diabetes research in the past few decades has been significant development. As the world's leading diabetes research base, Dundee
University, the first to discover how to regulate glucose metabolism of insulin, and diabetes with a number of innovative research results received numerous
research grants, attracting top researchers from around the world, creating innovative research benign development model.
Dr. Lu Daru said after the meeting, diabetes is a worldwide health problem, Scotland and China are faced with enormous challenges of the epidemic, the forum
for the parties to create a good communication and exchange platform.
