The diagnosis and treatment of diabetes there are many such examples: diabetes mellitus patients, especially those over 10 years history, the elderly living
alone, because no attention to some details of their lives, leading to become a bad foot, amputation or even killed the final spawn consequences.
Diabetic foot disease caused by four common causes: high blood sugar caused by neuropathy, vascular disease, foot deformation / malformation and infection of
bacteria and other pathogens. Diabetes after long-term high blood sugar, "soaking", the body can cause peripheral nerve damage and thus secondary skeletal
deformities, muscle atrophy.
The most common form of diabetic nerve damage, "Multiple symmetric peripheral neuropathy," reflected in the two legs weakening and loss of sensory nerve,
lower limb emphasis on the upper, often start with toe numbness started gradually upwards. Limb peripheral neuropathy in the feet and lower legs of patients
insensitive to pain and even the ability to stimulate the perception that no, this is called "painless peripheral neuropathy", leads patients to cold, heat,
pain, trauma and other stimuli Protection reduced capacity. Thus, patients often minor burns, minor skin abrasions, etc., and the injury is not easy to
detect, resulting in injury and bacteria take advantage of the expansion, triggering inflammation. On the other hand, long-term high blood sugar limb
peripheral vascular conditions may change, and wall thickening, lumen thinning, will eventually lead to a result of inadequate blood supply, physically do
not receive adequate supply of nutrients to the bacteria have entered the blood after the guardian of leukocyte can not arrive in time to kill bacteria
infected areas, which led to the spread and increase inflammation, will ultimately become ulcers, infection and even necrosis. Also, because the organization
with poor nutrition and, once the formation of ulcerated skin ulcers, unhealed will be durable, light causing localized infection, in serious cases is to
cause the development of deep toe or limb necrosis. This is the diabetic foot. Such as the emergence of concurrent infection or limb necrosis, bacteria or
carrion and other toxins released by necrotic material and a large number of Xishouruxue, causing sepsis, patients are frequently combined with heart, brain,
lung, kidney and other important life-organ function were already poor, the worse, it may endanger the patient's life.
Many diabetic patients the incidence of diabetic foot, often the result of life in some small damage. Common reasons for inducing the old rotten feet are:
■ Xi Jiaoshui too hot lead to burn: Diabetic patients with lesions due to nerve endings to heat pain can not be perceived, a so-called "hot feet or" health
behavior can lead to local burns, blister formation is a wound blisters ruined.
■ foreign body punctured foot: pay no attention to elderly patients check their shoes before wearing shoes, and some foreign bodies such as thumbtacks,
needles, melon seeds shell or other more sharp things into the soles of the feet will be rolling the skin, causing damage and inflammation.
■ improper shoes: Long-term wearing narrow high-heeled shoes can cause increased pressure before the soles of the feet, toes by squeezing, squeezing of the
toes, foot, or by the formation of long-corns or calluses, or even enough to undermine the formation of bone deformation or malformation; these place easily
frayed, there lesions; and sometimes through the small, new shoes the day you can frazzle the skin of the heel toe, etc., with the wound, bacteria Chengxi
Entering.
■ shear caused by improper toenail paronychia: Some patients who used very bare feet nail scissors, cut the one hand, too short or cut Hollow-edge skin, and
nail the other hand, the edge cut too deep to provide a gateway to invasive bacteria.
■ pedicure caused by inflammation of the wound: It is now popular beach, and many people are used to find the master bathroom repair pedicure, but did not
undergo strict disinfection of knives and multi-user, increasing the chance of cross infection; there are still many patients at their feet after her Take a
knife or scissors dig soles of the feet of calluses or corns on the toes, landing on the dig too deeply, causing the wound and cause infection.
■ hot-water bottle, thermos, or blanket burns: the winter the glass thermos flask with hot-water bottle, especially warm feet, often the temperature is too
high, but they do not feel the patient, resulting in skin contact with hot into blisters, blisters ruined is a wound.
■ Kaohuo and electrical stimulation, no sense of overheating caused by burns.
■ there is a hard object the so-called health-care shoes soles foot wear themselves out: the market selling the so-called "magnetic shoes," "massage shoes,"
and other therapeutic footwear, diabetic patients not only does not care for the role, and the soles of the tiles and other skin damage will Some patients
have a large area, therefore causing plantar ulcers.
■ Wear shoes toe toe injury exposed: in the summer exposed a lot of people like to wear toe sandals, cool sandals, these two years has become popular to
wear "sandals," all five toes exposed, easy to hit, stepped on, or foreign body smacked chances of getting hurt greatly increased.
■ walking barefoot or wearing shoes, barefoot foot injury in the skin: When traveling to tropical areas that some people like to walk barefoot on the beach
sand, rocks, hot sand, gravel and sand stones, foreign bodies, or rock bump angle can cause skin damage directly . Still others like the bare feet in the
summer to wear shoes, if shoes is not smooth, easily torn skin.
■ foot dry skin, rip: diabetic patients control exists as a number of sweat glands of the autonomic nervous system lesions, sweat secretion reduced or even
lost, resulting in the heel of the foot, especially dry skin, chapped and even more pronounced in winter. Without attention to points in time for the foot
rub Cream, rip is that it is the gateway to bacterial invasion.
■ Smoking: a long-term addiction is not only a threat to the lungs, smoke the salt will shrink blood vessels, increasing vascular neurological complications
of diabetes. Studies have confirmed that smoking is caused by the foot of the old rotten independent risk factor.
Thus, for the prevention of diabetic foot, diabetic patients should pay attention to the details to start a preventive measure. Grasp the details and careful
observation through the protection of more than 80% of the bad feet can be prevented.
